由「他者命名」到「自我命名」：從孫中山民族思想論臺灣原住民傳統命名制之變遷

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題名(英): From "Other-named" to "Self-named" On the Change of Taiwan's Aboriginal Traditional Naming System From Sun Yat-sen's National Thoughts

關鍵詞(英): Taiwanese aborigines 、 traditional naming system 、 nationalism 、 assimilation 、 national policy

全文內容: 　　原住民傳統命名制的破壞常被歸於孫中山民族主義中之「同化」思想，持此觀點學者也大多認為「同化」思想為民族主義核心思想。本文以史實為根據，通過對孫中山民族主義理論核心思想和原住名傳統命名制的歷史變遷分析，認為原住民傳統命名制從清治時期就開始了一個由「他者命名」的歷史過程，不同時期的民族政策對其均有直接影響，不能全歸咎於當時國民政府的「漢化政策」，但也不容否認，正是此民族政策造成了原住民傳統命名制的徹底破壞。而此民族政策的制定，國民政府自然應以孫中山民族主義理論為指導，故不能不受孫中山思想之影響。但關鍵是要準確理解孫中山民族主義理論之核心要義，從其理論發展過程來看，包含了不同階段的不同民族理論內容，其中「同化」思想只是其理論中的一個部分，但既非其晚期之成熟理論，亦非其核心要義，且「同化」在孫中山那裏還有其特殊內涵，與「平等」原則並無衝突。若國民政府民族政策之制定以孫中山民族主義之核心思想為根據而無背離，並考慮到當時之歷史情境，則不能表明光復後臺灣民族政策就是孫中山「同化」思想之真正貫徹執行。

全文內容: 　　The destruction of aboriginal traditional naming system is often attributed to Sun Yat-sen's "assimilation" thought, most scholars also hold this view that "assimilation" thought is the core idea of the nationalism. In this paper, based on historical data to analyze the core thought of the Sun Yat-sen's national ideaology and the change of traditional naming system, and think that the historical changes of aboriginal traditional naming system have started since the Qing-dynasty. During this historical process, different national policies have a direct impact on it. Therefor, it is not only the results of national government's "chinese-characterizing". But it can not be denied that just this policy led to completely destroyed of aboriginal traditional naming system. This national policy should be based on Sun Yat-sen's nationalism as a guide, but the key is to accurately understand the core of Sun Yat-sen's nationalist theory. Sun Yat-sen's thoughts varied in different stages, where "assimilation" thought is only a part of his theory, neither sophisticated nor its core essence, and the "assimilation" has its special connotation and agrees with "equality" principle. Therefore,it can not show that the Sun Yat-sen "assimilation" thought is correctly implemented if the national government policy on ethnic affairs is not a violation of the very spirit of the Sun Yat-sen's thoughts.