監察院糾舉權與相關案例之研究(1993-2013)

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題名(英): A Study on the Control Yuan's Censure Power and Related Cases (1993-2013)

關鍵詞(英): Control Yuan 、 Impeachment Power 、 Censure Power 、 Suspension of Duty 、 Discipline 、 Due Process of Law

全文內容: 　　本文主要以臺灣民主化以來監察院第二至四屆迄今糾舉權之實踐，檢驗糾舉權的理論與制度。監察院本無糾舉權，而係抗戰期間為補充彈劾權之效果而發展出來的制度，針對違法失職之公務員暫停其職務而移送懲戒審議，故而具有簡易彈劾與急速處分之效果，亦因此而與彈劾之急速救濟有所混同。本文由糾舉權之實踐經驗肯定其存在之價值，但則建議明確其定位，主張將糾舉權定性為彈劾或簡易彈劾程序之附帶急速保全處分，內容為停職與調職，而現行糾舉制度應轉化為對於薦任以下公務員之簡易彈劾程序，並須完善其正當法律程序與建立損失補償制度。

全文內容: 　　This paper aims to examine the theory of the institution of the censure power through its practice by the Control Yuan since Taiwan's democratization. Originally, the Control Yuan had no censure power, which was developed to supplement the impeachment power system during the Sino-Japan War. The censure power is used by the Control Yuan to suspend the duties of any civil servant who is believed guilty of violation of law or dereliction of duty and whose discipline is decided by the the censured public functionary's superior official in charge. Therefore, the censure power at least has the effect of summary impeachment and urgently remedy yet at the same time it is easily confused with the immediate remedial action of impeachment. This paper affirms the pragmatic value of the censure power, but urges to clarify its character-- as immediate remedial action of impeachment and summary impeachment proceedings. Moreover, this paper defines the censure power's urgently remedy on public functionary only for suspension of duty and transferring to an unrelated duty. The current institution of censure power should be transformed to summary impeachment for thelow-level bureaucrats and must be improved with a due process of law and a loss compensation system.