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民族國家建構與區域和平:近代中日民族主義的發展 detail

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民族國家建構與區域和平:近代中日民族主義的發展

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本館出版品

題名

民族國家建構與區域和平:近代中日民族主義的發展

題名(英)

The establishment of a nation state and regional peace: the development of nationalism in China and Japan of the modern era

作者
劉碧蓉
期刊

孫學研究

ISSN

1996-2657

出版頻率

半年刊

出版西元年月日

2019/05/16

卷期

第26期

頁次

p.23-40

關鍵詞
民族主義民族國家中華民族國家主權地球主權
關鍵詞(英)
nationalismnation stateThe Chinese Nationnational sovereigntyright to live on earth
全文內容

近代中日兩國懾於西洋的船堅砲利,除力謀採行西法,從事自強運動外,更借用西方的國民國家理論,建構近代國家體制。日本以單一民族國家為單位,恢復天皇親政,行政治力集中的絕對主義體制,推展富國強兵,讓國家獨立,國民意識強化。另一方面,中國雖模仿日本朝民族國家建構模式,但這種單一民族所建構的民族國家,如何改變傳統的「天下」思想,走向「中華民族」之國家體制。

本文擬從民族國家建構的過程中,探討日本為何在明治維新以後,讓其民族主義急遽膨脹,並將侵略的矛頭,指向以中國為中心所建立的傳統東亞地區之國際秩序。其次,探討以孫中山為首的革命派,如何建構中華民族國家模式,而民族主義為何給中日兩國帶來禍害,最後提出維護東亞和平之道,在於放棄狹隘的「國家主權」思維架構,改以相互尊重之「生存權」,以及愛護自然環境之「共生主權」,而朝向「地球主權」方向思考。

全文內容

As a result of military superiority of western countries, China and Japan not only initiated self-strengthening movement, but also attempted to adopt both western legal systems and philosophy in the process of reforms in the modern era. Japan, on the one hand, was predominantly a mono-ethnic country with direct imperial rule and political absolutism, and strived to strengthen its economy, military power, and civic consciousness while aiming for independence. On the other hand, despite China’s effort to imitate Japan’s mode of establishment toward a nation state, there were concerns about how such a nation state made up of mono-ethnicity would transform from the traditional concept of “land over heaven” to the state of “The Chinese Nation”.

This research report aims to explore why Japan allowed nationalism to rise rapidly after Meiji Restoration, and why it targeted its invasion to the world order which was centered around China in the traditional east Asian region in the process of establishing a nation state. Furthermore, this article will also explore how the revolution-oriented group, led by Sun Yat-Sen, established the nation mode of The Chinese Nation, and how Nationalism brought about disasters for China and Japan. Finally, this article proposed that to maintain peace in east Asia, the narrow-minded frame of national sovereignty should be replaced with the mutually-respectful right to life and the right to co-existence with our nature, moving in the direction of the right to live on earth.

出版者

國立國父紀念館

出版地

臺北市

備註

投稿日:西元2018年10月26日;接受刊登日:西元2019年4月22日。

本文初稿以「維護東亞和平之道:從日本近代民族國家建構談起」為題,發表於2018年9月16日在國立國父紀念館舉辦的「第一屆孫中山思想及行誼研討會」,經評論教授建議修改後,再遵二位匿名審稿委員之建議修正而成,謹此致謝。