詮釋資料說明

文件類型

本館出版品

題名

從「性別主流化」看近代中國女權發展的時代意義

題名(英)

A View on the Significance for the Times in the Development of Women’s Rights in China, from the Perspective of Gender Mainstreaming

作者

劉明香

期刊

孫學研究

ISSN

1996-2657

出版頻率

半年刊

出版西元年月日

2021/05/16

卷期

第30期

頁次

p.111-132

關鍵詞

性別主流化、女權運動、廢纏足、興女學、婚姻自主

關鍵詞(英)

Gender Mainstreaming, Women’s Rights Movement, Abolition of Foot Binding, Promotion of Women’s Education, Marital Autonomy

全文內容

二十一世紀的今日，女性在「傳統」與「現代」之間已逐漸發展出自己的道路，儘管有時不免仍受到「傳統」的質疑，但隨著時勢潮流的推移，聯合國主導的「性別主流化」（Gender Mainstreaming）確實促使各國的社會制度、法令政策或社會資源分配比過去更加完善，保障女權、性別平等也在衝破一層層的刻板印象中逐步實踐。而各國之所以能有現今的具體成果，與百年來的社會發展，或說社會革命有密切關係，以近代中國為例：1911年辛亥革命成功後，孫中山積極推動的革命主張，包括：破除男尊女卑的觀念、廢纏足，且應跨越社會階級，讓全民平等接受教育，以提升人口素質，尤其全國人口有一半是女性，應使女性接受教育，具備知識，以參與政治、社會活動，並提供經濟生產力等，得以具體實現。當時雖因為傳統政治權力與社會結構傾軋，致使一切變革看似緩慢而無功，但回顧百年前的歷史，可以看見傳統的社會觀念與制度已成為過去式，隨著時代的推演，現代女性的生活空間不再囿於家居之內，無論是專業工作或公共領域，都可以看見女性活躍的身影。女權運動發展迄今，逐步展現新的樣貌，並已成為人類發展的重要議題。本文茲採文獻分析來探討近代中國革命所帶來的「廢纏足」與「興女學」運動對女性自主權的影響，以及婚姻自主與家庭角色上的改變，進而從當代的「性別主流化」觀點印證百年前歷史發展的時代意義。

全文內容

In the 21st century, women have gradually developed their own path between “tradition” and “modernity”. Although “tradition” occasionally calls them into question, with the passing of time, the UN-advocated “gender mainstreaming” has actually made social systems, regulatory policies, and social resource distribution more robust than in the past. After overcoming one stereotype after another, the protection of women’s rights and gender equality has gradually been put into practice. Different countries’ concrete results have been closely related to social developments and social revolutions over the past century. Take modern China for instance. After the 1911 Revolution succeeded, Dr. Sun Yat-sen’s actively promoted revolutionary propositions that included elimination of the concept of male superiority and female inferiority; abolition of foot binding; and educational equality for all regardless of social class. These propositions were intended to improve the populace as a whole. Especially because women make up half the national population, they must be educated and receive the knowledge they need to concretely realize participation in politics and social activities, and to contribute to economic productivity. Although change at the time seemed slow and ineffective due to traditional political power and the tumultuous social structures of the age, a look back on the history of the past 100 years shows that traditional social concepts and systems are now in the past. With the progress of the times, today’s women are no longer confined to the home. Whether in professional work or public fields, the vigor of women is evident. Within the development of the women’s rights movement, a new face has gradually been unveiled, and this has become an important issue in human development. Through literature analysis, the impact of the “abolition of foot binding” and “promotion of women’s education” movements arising in modern Chinese revolutions on women’s autonomy, as well as changes in martial autonomy and family roles, were explored. Furthermore, the significance for the times of historical development a century ago was validated through the perspective of contemporary “gender mainstreaming”.

出版者

國立國父紀念館

出版地

臺北市

備註

投稿日：民國109年12月1日；接受刊登日：民國110年4月28日。