詮釋資料說明

文件類型

本館出版品

題名

從孫中山現代化思想及其難題反思西方現代化理論：一個概念的分析

題名(英)

A Reflection on Dr. Sun Yat-sen’s Modernization Thought and Its Discontents

作者

施純純

期刊

孫學研究

ISSN

1996-265-7

出版頻率

半年刊

出版西元年月日

2022/11/12

卷期

第33期

頁次

p.21-42

關鍵詞

孫中山思想、現代化、西方現代化理論

關鍵詞(英)

Sun Yat-sen Thought, Modernization Theory, China’s Modernization

全文內容

本文討論辛亥革命之後至孫中山聯俄之前，孫中山的現代化思想及當時面臨的困難，並以孫中山現代化主張對照美國社會科學界提出的現代化理論，指出西方現代化理論的不足與限制。做為後開發地區政治領袖，孫中山主張中國應避免重蹈西方資本主義的弊害，並努力克服中國受到列強侵略、軍閥割據等各種困難。歐美國家既不是孫中山現代化道路的模範和目標，中國現代化也無法僅透過商業化和教育推動。然而，根據二戰之後極具影響力的西方現代化理論，歐美代表的「自由市場」社會應為後開發地區現代化的目標和終點，教育和經濟發展是推動後開發地區建立西方議會民主政體的關鍵力量。本文指出西方現代化理論脫離後開發地區實際情況及其背後的「意識形態」特徵，並藉由孫中山的現代化思想和其困境，呈現中國現代化過程的艱辛與獨特性。

全文內容

This paper discusses Dr. Sun Yat-sen’s advocacy for modernization and difficulties he faced during the period after the Xinhai Revolution but before his alignment with the USSR. In addition, Dr. Sun’s modernization advocacy is cross-compared with the modernization theory proposed by the US social science community, to point out inadequacies in modernization theory. As the political leader of a post-development region, Dr. Sun Yat-sen advocated that China avoid following in the hazardous footsteps of western capitalism and strive to overcome difficulties that China faced, including vulnerability to aggression by foreign powers, separatism by warlords, and such. The Western countries were not the paradigms or goals for Sun Yat-sen when he set off on the road of modernization, nor could China's modernization be promoted through commercialization and education alone. However, according to the modernization theory that exerted a great influence after World War II, the "free market" society represented by the Western countries should be the objective and endpoint of the post-development era. Educational and economic developments could also promote the establishment of western parliamentary democracies in the post-development areas. This paper points out the actual situations in post-development areas after detaching from modernization theory and the "ideological" characteristics behind them. Furthermore, through Sun Yat-sen Thought, the hardships and uniqueness of China’s modernization process are presented.

出版者

國立國父紀念館

出版地

臺北市

備註

投稿日：民國111年7月30日；接受刊登日：民國111年10月28日