| 摘要(外文): | On the issues of revolution and state-building, Dr. Sun Yet-sen proposed two theories, one is the 'theory of once for all revolution,' the other is the 'theory of state-building processes.' The 'theory of once for all revolution' resorts to radical means in pursuit of political and economic transitions. Instead, the 'theory of 'state-building processes' takes the incremental reforming strategies and does not pursue radical political and economic transitions simultaneously. In some ways, the 'theory of 'state-building process' is similar to modernization theory, which claims that the economic and social development will leads to political democratization. Therefore, the developing countries should pursue economic development before pursuing democratization. The development experiences in both Taiwan and South Korea from 1970s to 1990s are the supporting cases of modernization theory. The 'theory of once for all revolution' tries to solve political, economic, and ethnic problems at the same time, however, its main concern is solving economic problem in China. After the collapse of the communist regimes in East Europe and the former Soviet Union, these former communist countries all chose the democratic systems politically. However, these countries chose two different ways to reform their economic systems. Some countries pursue 'shock therapy' and some other countries pursue incremental ways in reforming their economic systems. No matter which strategy these countries chose, each strategy has successful and failing cases. Because there are many variables which will influence the political and economic transitions, it's hard to find a comprehensive theory to explain all transitions at the same time. Either the radical or incremental ways is better for a country depends on the political and economic conditions when a country enacts its reforms. However, whether countries choose the radical or incremental reforming strategies in reforming their political and economic systems, the strength of civil society will have crucial influences on democratic transition and the political freedom after transition. For developing countries, the incremental reform strategy is the better choice from the perspective of economic development and the growth of civil society. |
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